Human Disease and health-related topics are most important for competitive and academic examination. It is a relevant topic for students who are preparing for the Medical exam and also who study with a biology stream.
We know that the Diseases do not leave any living organisms that are present on the earth.
There are thousands of diseases present around you. In which some are Common that we know while some are very Critical or Dangerous that affect some specific parts of human bodies and we are unknown from these diseases. So we should also have general information about human Diseases for our health awareness.
How is defined, human Disease and health?
All types of diseases are studied in Pathology. Human diseases are defined by various institutions and Pathologists. But the definition of human disease is different from each-others while the meanings are the same.
Human diseases are a typical abnormal situation that negatively affects the human body functions or structure. Causes of the disease can be pathogenic (Virus, Bacteria, Fungal, etc) and non-pathogenic (Genetic and others).
In other words, we can explain the human disease. "The clutters malfunctioning of the mind or body that decreases your good health can be called a disease."
Types of Human Disease
On the basis of feature, classifications of human diseases can be three different types.
1. On the basis of Duration
Acute diseases (Short term)
Chronic diseases (Long term)
Acute diseases (Short term)
Chronic diseases (Long term)
2. On the basis of Causative agent
- Infectious - It is caused by Pathogenic and it can be also divided in the Communicable and non-communicable.
- Non-Infectious - Other different causes from pathogenic. In which diseases can include Allergies, Deficiency, Metabolic, and Genetic disorders.
3. On the basis of Pathogens
It is a common and straightforward clarification to know about human diseases which divide on the basis of multiple Pathogens (Microorganisms that cause diseases in other higher organisms are called Pathogens). On the basis of Pathogens, diseases are divided into:
a. Viral Disease
b. Bacterial Disease
c. Fungal Disease
d. Protozoan Disease
Human Disease List
This post is written for all competitive exams, so here we have provided knowledge about diseases on the basis of Pathogens so that the aspirants can get more advantage in the examinations. Let's start knowing the most important names of diseases separately.
Human Disease Chart
Here is the Human disease chart which includes some important diseases that are always asked in the various examinations. This chart provides you with the name of the disease, names of Pathogens, Affected organs of human bodies, and their Symptoms.
Human Viral Disease
The virus is an acellular microbe. Viruses can survive only in living cells. So it is considered to be a Parasite. It is also considered to be the link between the living and the non-living things. There are thousands of viruses present in the environment that are responsible for various human diseases.
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Human Diseases caused by Bacteria
Bacteria are the microscopic living organisms that are present anywhere in the environment. Bacteria have one cell but bacterias are found in different shapes.
Structure of bacteria is very simple but they are very complex in behaviour. It can be dangerous when they cause an infection.
Human Disease caused by Fungi
Fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophic organisms that are present in anywhere like soil, air and other living and nonliving things.
They also have a symbiotic association with plants and bacteria. So it can be dangerous sometimes. Fungi may create serious disease in plants but It is also responsible for some human disease.
Human Disease caused by Protozoa
Protozoa are a group of single-celled microorganisms, which are classified as animals. It is dangerous for humans because Protozoa can create many diseases.
Human disease caused by Genetics
The disease that transfers from one generation to the next generation is called Genetic Disease. Causes of these diseases are a jumble of DNA. Which is due to mutations of chromosomes.
The Disease caused by the Deficiency of Vitamins
Vitamin was discovered by "Sir F. G. Hopkins" while the term Vitamin was minted by "Funk" in 1911.
Vitamins are organic compounds required in minute quantities. No calories are obtained from vitamins, but it is essential to regulate chemical reactions in the metabolism of the body. So, the deficiency of vitamins can cause various diseases. Diseases that are caused by vitamins are given below in detail.
Diseases caused by the Deficiency of Minerals
Deficiency of minerals is also a cause of disease. Due to deficiency of minerals, some parts or organs of the body are affected by the disease. Important diseases are given below.
Some Non-Infectious Important Diseases
1. Allergy - Some substances like Sand, smoke, chemicals, clothes, and cold are harmful to some people. There are reactions in their body, which causes various Diseases.
2. Diabetes - It is a common disease caused by the deficiency of Insulin. In this case, blood sugars are increased and blood sugar can also increase the risk to clotting and heart strokes.
3. Paralysis - It is caused by high blood pressure. In this disease within a short time, half of the body is paralyzed. In this case, the nerves of the paralyzed part become inactive. Paralysis is also known as Hemiplegia.
4. Epilepsy - It is caused by internal disturbance of the brain. In this disease, foam comes out of the month and the patient falls down unconscious.
5. Diplopia - This disease caused by the paralysis of muscles of the eyes, in which double image is formed.
6. Hydrophobia - A disease caused by the bite of a mad dog. In which person fier from waters.
7. Myopia - It is also known as Short sightedness. In this disease, the person can see the object of nearer distance but can't see the object of long-distance. A concave lens is used for it.
8. Arthritis - It is a bone disease. In this Disease inflammation of joints takes place.
9. Emphysema - It is the abnormal distension of alveoli which results in the loss of elasticity. Smoking and chronic bronchitis are the two main causes of this disease.
10. Arteriosclerosis - Due to the deposition of cholesterol and calcium salts arteries become stiff and rigid. It loses the property of elasticity due to which wall of arteries can rap.
COVID-19
COVID (Corona Virus Disease) - 19 is the newest viral disease found in December 2019. This is an untouchability disease that started from Wuhan (China). This Disease spread from Coughing, sneezing, living with affected people, and other various sources. Startling Symptoms of this disease are fever, Coughing, and trouble in breathing. Due to spread in the whole world, it is considered as an epidemic, because Lakhs of people are affected by this disease.
Disclaimer:
This post is written for general information only for an exam point of view. But it can be helpful for all who want to know about diseases. All above data is taken by various sources like the Internet, Books and my own knowledge. This correct and straightforward information about Human Disease and Health can increase your marks in the exams.
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