Disaster Prevention is compulsory for everyone to know Because disaster Prevention information can help you in the disaster-affected areas. In areas with disasters, it is often seen that lack of general information about disaster prevention measure types leads to more damage to life and property. Accidental disasters such as flood, drought, earthquake, tsunami, cyclone and various types of human accident, etc. Occur from time to time. Therefore, it is essential that people should be aware of disaster prevention measures to face these disasters.
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| Disaster Prevention |
What is a disaster?
Incidental events that occur due to natural or human causes that cause large amounts of loss of life and goods are called disasters. In other words, disaster is the effect of nature or human-caused risk that negatively affects the environment or society.
Disasters are a hindrance to the development of any country because of the damage to infrastructure. Due to the disaster, the pace of development of the country slows down or retreats. Due to the disaster, also natural balance in many areas worsens, resulting in increased capacity and frequency of destruction of disasters.
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| Disaster Prevention |
Cause of disaster
Disaster is not a new phenomenon. There have been various types of disasters on the earth since ancient times, but the influence and frequency of the former were less than the present. Increasing population, urbanization, controlled Exploitation of resources and tampering with nature have been the main causes of disasters today as well as their effects have increased. By the way, there are various types of calamities (flood, drought, earthquake, tsunami, cyclones, etc.) on the surface. The reasons for which are also different, such as floods are due to excessive rainfall, forest destruction, breakage of dams, etc. Similarly, earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis are the movements caused by the internal movement of the earth. Apart from these, some disasters like a nuclear disaster, chemical disaster terrorism, and road accident are the causes of unintentional mistakes made by humans.
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| Disaster Prevention |
Types of disasters
Disasters can be divided into two classes based on the sources of origin -
1. Natural Disaster -
This is a natural disaster This is due to atmospheric and geological phenomena. Floods, droughts, cyclones, hail disaster (atmospheric) and landslides, volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis, etc. (geological) have been included in natural disasters.2. Man-made Disaster -
The causes of these kinds of disasters are human activities. Chemical disaster, nuclear disaster, fire-related, air, rail, road accident, terrorism, bomb blasts, etc. have been included in human-borne disasters.
disaster prevention
Different types of disasters affect human beings in one way or the other. Disaster should be small and big money is lost on their arrival. Therefore, it is mandatory for affected areas to take measures to prevent disasters. The purpose of disaster prevention is to save lives, prevent or reduce environmental damage and economic losses. A disaster is a sudden event that can not be stopped altogether but the effects of disasters can be reduced. But there are some human disasters (such as terrorism, road accidents, bombings, etc.) that can be prevented. Disaster management is needed to reduce the effects of disasters.
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| Disaster Prevention |
Disaster management is a planned process that includes disaster preparedness, Contraception, prevention, relief work, recovery, rehabilitation, leadership, etc. There are three stages of disaster management -
Preparation before disaster
- Disaster preparedness
- Prevention
- Contraception
Preparation at disaster time
- Local people's cooperation
- Support for NGO or Voluntary Organizations
- Supplies of essential commodities
- Transporting calamities to safe places or camps.
Preparations after the disaster
- relief work
- The recovery
- Rehabilitation
Things to keep in mind in disaster management is that different types of disasters require different structural measures. For example, a structure built for hurricanes can be damaged by earthquakes. Therefore, it must first be analyzed which disaster is most likely, frequent and devastating in which area. In addition, the redressal effort also depends on accurate precision estimation.
Thus preventive measures for different disasters are also different. For disaster prevention, the following measures should be done by local people, various organizations and government machinery. Because disaster prevention is teamwork, not individual work Therefore, for the prevention of disasters, everyone should work together at their own level.
Role of local people
- Disaster prevention training to the people of the affected areas, such as the training of swimming in flood-affected areas.
- There should be a group of local skilled people who are effective in times of disasters.
- Development of safe places by local people in disaster-affected areas.
- In highly affected areas, cattle should not be tied but rope or bamboo enclosure should be kept.
- A pond should be arranged in the affected areas which helps in both flood and drought.
- In cyclone or tsunami-affected areas, the habitat should be at a distance from the coast and in coastal areas mangrove forests are required to be planted.
- Earthquake-resistant houses should be built in earthquake-affected areas.
- Knowledge of safe location before the time of the disaster in the earthquake or tsunami-affected areas. Such as school, house and working place.
- Construction of large buildings should be fire and electricity proof.
- There should be a safe stock of certain food items in the affected areas to combat hunger.
Role of the government machinery
- Disaster Early Warning Features.
- public awareness.
- Immediate supply of relief material.
- Deployment of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) in disaster-prone areas.
- Strengthen communication system.
- First Aid and Health Care for injured.
- Disaster recovery - Land reform, rehabilitation, employment, etc.
- Relief work must be at war level.
- River linking should be provided for dry areas.
Role of Voluntary Organizations / NGOs
The role of voluntary organizations is important in disaster prevention. In times of disasters, various organizations should do relief work at their own level such as - rescue work, delivery of relief materials, etc. And this is also done. Need more cooperation to increase their morale.
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| Disaster Prevention |
Thus, the effects of a disaster can be reduced by formulating a proper plan by the above-mentioned measures. Also, some human causes can be prevented by making them aware and trained.
Disasters are, of course, a big crisis, but in many cases disaster can be a major development program. The political impact of damage can inspire change.
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